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HBsAg Elisa is a fast test for the qualitative detection of the presence of HBsAg in serum or plasma (heparin, citrate or EDTA) specimen. The test utilizes monoclonal and polyclonal (anti-guinea pig) antibodies to selectively detect elevated levels of HBsAg in serum or plasma.

HDL (high-density lipoprotein), or “good” cholesterol, absorbs cholesterol and carries it back to the liver. The liver then flushes it from the body. High levels of HDL cholesterol can lower your risk for heart disease and stroke.

The ECBU or cytobacteriological examination of urine is the first-line medical biology examination prescribed by the doctor in the event of a suspected urinary tract infection or as part of monitoring the effectiveness of antibiotic treatment.

A hemoglobin test measures the amount of hemoglobin in your blood. Hemoglobin is a protein in your red blood cells that carries oxygen to your body’s organs and tissues and transports carbon dioxide from your organs and tissues back to your lungs.

Only one sample of blood is needed for a hepatitis B blood test, but the “Hepatitis B Panel” includes three parts. All three test results are needed to fully understand whether a person is infected or not. 1. HBsAg (Hepatitis B surface antigen), 2. anti-HBs or HBsAb (Hepatitis B surface antibody) and 3. anti-HBc or HBcAb (Hepatitis B core antibody)

Immunoglobulin M (IgM): Found mainly in blood and lymph fluid, this is the first antibody the body makes when it fights a new infection. Immunoglobulin E (IgE): Normally found in small amounts in the blood. There may be higher amounts when the body overreacts to allergens or is fighting an infection from a parasite.

Sputum, also known as phlegm, is a thick type of mucus made in your lungs. If you have an infection or chronic illness affecting the lungs or airways, it can make you cough up sputum. Sputum is not the same as spit or saliva.

Schistosomiasis (bilharziasis) is the consequence of infestation by blood trematodes of the genus Schistosoma. The host becomes infected through the skin by swimming or wading in contaminated fresh water. The parasites infect the vessels of the digestive or genitourinary system.

Helicobacter pylori are bacteria that are very common in the general population and the most frequent cause of stomach ulcers. Several tests exist for directly detecting H. pylori bacteria in the stomach (breath tests, stool antigen tests).

Testosterone is a hormone that is responsible for many of the physical characteristics specific to adult males. It plays a key role in reproduction and the maintenance of bone and muscle strength.

TSH stands for thyroid stimulating hormone. A TSH test is a blood test that measures this hormone. The thyroid is a small, butterfly-shaped gland located near your throat. Your thyroid makes hormones that regulate the way your body uses energy.

The thyroid is a small, butterfly-shaped gland located near the throat. Your thyroid makes hormones that regulate the way your body uses energy. It also plays an important role in regulating your weight, body temperature, muscle strength, and even your mood. Thyroxine, also known as T4, is a type of thyroid hormone.

Prolactin is a hormone named originally after its function to promote milk production (lactation) in mammals in response to the suckling of young after birth. Lactotroph cells in the pituitary gland produce prolactin, where it is stored and then released into the bloodstream.

The human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) test is done to check for the hormone hCG in blood or urine. Some hCG tests measure the exact amount.

A blood culture is a test of a blood sample to find germs (such as bacteria or a fungus) that can cause an infection. A bacterial infection in the blood, called bacteremia, can be serious. That’s because the blood can spread the bacteria to any part of the body.

A urine culture is a test to find germs (such as bacteria) in the urine that can cause an infection. Bacteria can enter through the urethra and cause a urinary tract infection (UTI). A sample of urine is added to a substance that promotes the growth of germs. If no germs grow, the culture is negative.

Urine cytologic examination is highly sensitive and specific for the detection of high-grade

Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) analysis is a group of laboratory tests that measure chemicals in the cerebrospinal fluid. CSF is a clear fluid that surrounds and protects the brain and spinal cord. The tests may look for proteins, sugar (glucose), and other substances.

a test of historical interest: when sheep red blood cells are coated with a concentration of antiserum to sheep red blood cells that is too low to cause agglutination, the addition of serum from a patient with rheumatoid arthritis will cause agglutination.

Rheumatoid arthritis can be difficult to diagnose in its early stages because the early signs and symptoms mimic those of many other diseases. There is no one blood test or physical finding to confirm the diagnosis. During the physical exam, your doctor will check your joints for swelling, redness and warmth.

Brucellosis is an infectious disease caused by bacteria. People can get the disease when they are in contact with infected animals or animal products contaminated with the bacteria. Animals that are most commonly infected include sheep, cattle, goats, pigs, and dogs, among others. Brucellosis Worldwide.

The Weil-Felix test detects typhus and specific rickettsial infections. Rickettsia is bacteria transmitted by ticks, fleas, lice and is the root of diseases in human beings.

Toxoplasmosis is a disease that results from infection with the Toxoplasma gondii parasite, one of the world’s most common parasites. Infection usually occurs by eating undercooked contaminated meat, exposure from infected cat feces, or mother-to-child transmission during pregnancy.

Syphilis is a bacterial infection usually spread by sexual contact. The disease starts as a painless sore — typically on the genitals, rectum or mouth. Syphilis spreads from person to person via skin or mucous membrane contact with these sores.

Fibrinogen is a protein produced by the liver. This protein helps stop bleeding by helping blood clots to form. A blood test can be done to tell how much fibrinogen you have in the blood.

The Emmel test, a screening test based on the observation of sickling of red blood cells when exposed to low oxygen tensions, is often the only option available.